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Exploitation and Development of the Job Potential
in the Cultural Sector in the Age of Digitalisation
This EU project (See also Culturelink
no. 34/August 2001, pp. 61-62.)
was carried out by the MKW Wirtschaftsforschung
GmbH, Munich and österreichische kulturdokumentation.
internationales archiv für kulturanalysen, Vienna together
with other partners: empirica Delasasse, Cologne, INTERARTS, Barcelona,
Economix Research & Consulting, Munich, and WIMMEX AG, Munich.
The project was commissioned by the European Commission, Directorate-General
for Employment and Social Affairs.
This Final Report, together with the Summary available
in all EU languages, identifies new strategies for exploiting the
employment potential of the cultural sector in the European Union.
Specific attention was given to the audio-visual industry and new
technological developments in general.
The project consisted of five modules:
- Module 1: Overview of current research on employment potential
in the cultural sector;
- Module 2: Identification of the current employment trends in
the cultural sector;
- Module 3: Identification of the current employment trends in
the TIMES sector (Telecommunication, Internet, Multimedia, E-commerce,
Software and Security);
- Module 4: Collection of good practices in training provision,
including models of public-private partnerships;
- Module 5: Identification of obstacles to transnational and
cross-border mobility.
The cultural sector is characterised by a high share
of freelancers and very small companies. A new type of employer
is emerging in the form of the 'entrepreneurial individual' or 'entrepreneurial
cultural worker', who no longer fits into previously typical patterns
of full-time professions.
The 'digital culture' is the result of an interaction
between 'traditional' culture (content), the TIMES sector (technology)
and services/distribution. Digital culture has acted as an employment
motor in the past and will continue to do so in the future, primarily
based upon the strong demand within the TIMES sector for creativity
and content. At the same time, dramatic personnel bottlenecks can
already be observed in this sector today. Thus, policy makers must
better orient their instruments of employment policy towards this
area, both on the European and national levels.
For further information and to obtain the study,
please contact: österreichische kulturdokumentation, internationales
archiv für kulturanalysen, Vienna, Austria, tel.: +431 535 2705;
fax: +431 533 4989; e-mail: office@kulturdokumentation.org;
http://www.kulturdokumentation.org
Regional Survey on Community Traditional Music
and Dance, and Music from around the World
Summary of the survey conduced by Sami Sadak and
Philippe Fanise
Arcade, Regional traditional music and dance mission,
Provence-Alpes Côte d'Azur, France, 2001, 10 pp.
The ARCADE traditional music and dance mission conducted
this survey between January 2000 and May 2001 with the various associations
that perform activities linked with community-based music, the music
and dances of the world. This survey was also conducted with a number
of cultural players coming from an immigrant milieu, as well as
with musicians, dancers and ensembles focusing on music from around
the world.
The region of Provence-Alpes Côte d'Azur is characterised
as a cosmopolitan space (like many other European southern regions)
that has been internationalised through the effects of migratory
movements. A metropolis such as Marseille is a perfect illustration
of this mosaic of cultures: over thirty identifiable cultural community
structures build dynamic networks. These communities maintain ties
with their native land and with the region through the diaspora
and networks of associations. Traditional music plays an essential
role in all of these communities, most notably in the transmission
of cultural and identity-related values. This traditional music
lives within the communities themselves (at weddings, celebrations,
etc.), but it also enters into contact with other imported and regional
traditions through a process of fusion and crossover, often initiated
by these communities' artists and by artists focused on Provençal
music.
This survey examined the role of different associations
in the practise of traditional music and dance. Regarding musicians
and dancers who practise music and dance, the survey analysed their
musical repertoires, their links with the country of origin, as
well as their cooperation with the region's artists and associations.
In the concluding remarks and observations, the authors note that
the presence of world music is visible not only in urban centres
but also in rural areas throughout France. They find interesting
the increasingly frequent involvement of 'French' musicians and
dancers in community events. The survey further highlights the importance
of artistic, cultural and institutional initiatives fostering inter-communal
exchange. In this context, the research proves the existence of
a great deal of crossover and interaction between Provençal music
and that born in other cultures.
A special section of the research is dedicated to
the younger generations and their response to these trends. While
some representatives of the younger generation prove to be very
proud of their roots, others show that the relationship with their
places of origin might be more conflictual. The survey further elaborates
the influences of sacred music from around the world, claiming that
music and religion are bound together by many ties. As an example,
the survey presents the events organised by several churches in
the region and also explores the role of cultural associations and
institution-backed events with a lively interest in sacred traditional
repertoires from around the world. Religiously inspired repertoires
constitute one of the cornerstones of community musical practise
and account for a good deal of the artistic appeal of the world's
music.
The next chapter is dedicated to expressions of the
identity-community dichotomy in community practices. Community musical
activities reflect the community's length of presence and geographical
distribution in the region. Some of the communities that have settled
in the region have a natural need to create ties with networks that
allow them to maintain links with the past, while living fully in
the present. This dual allegiance of the musical practices can be
noted in a number of communities. The survey pays particular attention
to the role of traditional music and dance amongst amateurs. One
of the authors claims that 'the field of traditional music and dance
is a sector where professional and amateur practices are closely
intertwined, and often indistinguishable', noting that it would
be more exact to speak of popular or social practice
rather than amateur practice.
In their final remarks, the authors put this survey
in a broader European context. The goal of the study is not merely
to remain regional in scope, but rather to help foster reflection
on a much broader level. A number of European regions are gradually
becoming cultural microcosms of Europe and the world. The observation
of traditional music and dance practices make it possible, on the
one hand, to observe the degree of integration, assimilation, or,
conversely, of identity-based resistance on the part of certain
communities and, on the other hand, to see the emergence of new
forms of cultural expression that link, cross over or fuse with
regional heritage and to appreciate the dynamic contribution made
by other cultures.
To obtain the complete report free of charge, please
contact: Sami Sadak; Arcade, Agence régionale de coordination
artistique et de développement, 17, rue Venel - BP 84, 13101 Aix-en
Provence Cedex 1, France; tel.: +33 4 42 21 78 00; fax: +33 4 42
21 78 01; e-mail: mrmdtrad@arcade-paca.com;
http://www.arcade-paca.com
A Soundtrack for Scottish Tourism
A Soundtrack for Scottish Tourism
is the Scottish Arts Council and VisitScotland's Traditional Music
and Tourism Initiative, a landmark in the development of thinking
and action on cultural tourism, already earmarked as a priority
area for future efforts in Scottish tourism marketing and development.
The projects supported by the Initiative include concert series,
informal music sessions in pubs and hotels, a promotional video,
an award-winning scheme linking ferry passengers with live event
at their destination, and database research in Area Tourist Board
(ATB) regions.
The Initiative has worked with the grain of developments
in Scotland's traditional music scene. Celtic Connections provides
a notable urban example: the festival is a major event in the international
music calendar and generates significant additional off-season tourism
income for the city of Glasgow.
The aim of the project was to raise the profile of
traditional music within Scottish tourism and to ensure that visitors
to Scotland have ready access to traditional music, thereby enforcing
Scottish musical heritage and culture and raising the benefits for
the local economy. Therefore, a joint Scottish Arts Council/VisitScotland
fund was established to assist and stimulate projects which were
designed to increase visitor knowledge, awareness of, and access
to, traditional music; involved or developed productive understanding
and collaboration between the tourism sector and the traditional
music sector; involved and appropriate mix of musicians, event promoters,
venues, ATBs, Tourist Information Centres (TICs) and other tourist
organizations; created new opportunities for activities to extend
tourism and music promotion to mutual benefit.
Initial work included investigating the development
of links between tourism and traditional music elsewhere, the obvious
example being the Republic of Ireland. A series of research was
done, followed by the training sessions for ATB and TIC staff. A
promoters' handbook was commissioned and a series of seminars and
media events were arranged. Then followed local demonstration projects:
nineteen of them in eleven areas were supported over the three-year
period of the Initiative.
Analyzing the key points, it was concluded that there
were clear business benefits to individual traders, and many were
persuaded of the case for investing more in traditional music; there
were clear benefits to the visitor's experience of Scotland; there
was clear evidence of the value of marketing aimed directly at cultural
tourists and enlisting musicians as tourism ambassadors; traditional
music can persuade visitors to explore an area more fully; promotional
skills and information systems are improving; the Initiative has
been a catalyst for further activity.
To obtain the publication or to find out more,
please contact: The Scottish Arts Council, Music Department
and Area Development Department, 12 Mannor Place, Edinburgh EH3
7DD, United Kingdom, tel.: +44 131 226 6051: fax: +44 131 225 9833;
e-mail: help.desk@scottisharts.org.uk;
http://www.sac.org.uk
Looking Inside
Looking Inside is a new
programme component of the Arts and Culture Network Programme of
the Open Society Institute, in cooperation with the Soros Foundations
network. It features East-East placements in well-established and
acknowledged cultural institutions of Central and Eastern Europe,
Central Asia, the Caucasus and Mongolia for art managers and cultural
administrators from the region.
The main goals of Looking Inside are the following:
- to increase the mobility of cultural and arts practitioners
who want to implement innovative models of operation in their
organizations or institutions based on exploring other cultural
practices;
- to contribute to the sharing and exchange of competencies,
practices, skills and knowledge among arts managers and cultural
administrators, by organizing placements in well-recognized artistic
institutions in the region;
- to invest in cultural professionals who can contribute to significant
long-term sustainable changes in culture and the arts in Central
and Eastern Europe, Central Asia, the Caucasus, and Mongolia.
The idea is that both sides should profit from the
programme: art manager by acquiring new competencies and gaining
new experience, and the hosting cultural institution by involving
high-quality professionals in its activity, creating new links and
exploring possibilities for developing new projects in the long-run.
Looking Inside offers 2-3 week long internships for
professionals interested in raising their skills in particular fields.
All interns will be chosen in the procedure of international competition.
For more information, please contact: Elzbieta
Grygiel, Arts and Culture Network Programme Manager, Stefan Batory
Foundation, ul. Sapiezynska 10 a, 00-215 Warsaw, Poland, tel.: +48
22 536 02 32; fax: +48 22 536 02 20; e-mail: egrygiel@batory.org.pl;
http://www.batory.org.pl/art/
UNIDEE - University of Ideas
An International Residence Programme
UNIDEE - University of Ideas
is the principal organism of Cittadellarte, Fondazione Pistoletto,
a non-profit artistic and cultural society. It is a centre for research
and for the production and promotion of creative ideas aimed at
achieving an interaction between artistic, humanistic and scientific
disciplines. Art education at UNIDEE is linked with other disciplines.
The structure of the programme is such that different forms of knowledge
come together and are presented to young creative individuals guided
by teachers, experts and eminent figures from different cultural
and productive fields in order to enable them to develop new perspectives
on the relationship between art and life.
Each year, twenty young, highly-creative individuals
(musicians, performers, visual artists, photographers, architects,
designers, etc.) from around the world, selected by an international
panel, come to live and work in residence in the beautiful surroundings
at Cittadellarte for four months as part of the UNIDEE
in International Residence Programme. Besides participating
in the activities specifically designed for them, they also take
part in all other initiatives, such as exhibitions, conferences,
performances, publications and communication projects involving
the use of the new media.
UNIDEE in Residence is held in July, September and
October. The activities are guided by philosophers, scientists,
artists, business people and experts in communication, all dedicated
to the quest for responsible social transformation: creativity as
a response to 'progress' and deterioration of the planet.
For residence information, please contact:
Cittadellarte, Fondazione Pistoletto, Via Serralunga 27, 13900 Biella,
Italy; tel.: +390 15 28400; fax: +390 15 252 2540; e-mail: fondazionepistoletto@cittadellarte.it;
http://www.cittadellarte.it
The Plans and Objectives of the International
Cultural Centre Cracow for 2002
The International Cultural Centre
(ICC) of Cracow has announced its plans and objectives for
2002. The year 2002 marks the beginning of the second decade of
the activities of the International Cultural Centre, an institution
with an established programme profile. This year, the promotion
of a new attitude towards European heritage, not burdened with nationalism
on the one hand, and, on the other, stressing the issues of identity,
individual tradition and vernacular character of particular cultures,
is still a topical subject.
A few physical modifications have been or will be
made: the activities of the ICC will continue in the newly decorated
and modernized House of Ravens; a new library will be opened to
the public, making accessible the collection of specialized books,
comprising over 10,000 valuable titles concerning cultural heritage
and its preservation; the building will house the Academy of Heritage,
which aims to train personnel for effective preservation of cultural
values. The Academy is the Centre's educational branch, whose educational
activities have so far been mainly carried out within the framework
of the College for New Europe. The College still remains one of
the most significant forms of the Centre's work, especially in the
context of international cooperation, which is the Centre's main
objective.
The important elements are conferences and seminars
held on the ICC's premises. In spring 2002, the Centre will host
a meeting of the Council of Europe Heritage Network and will participate
in the organization of a conference under the working title The
Results and Prospects of Cultural Policy in Central Europe.
It will mark ten years since the CSCE Symposium in Cracow, whose
final document was a veritable Magna Charta of European culture.
In the series of bilateral conferences, the Centre
is planning a Ukrainian-Polish forum on the role of Cracow and Lvov
in European civilization. The event, to be held this autumn, is
expected to bring together many outstanding scholars from Poland,
Ukraine and other countries.
The Centre will continue to stage exhibitions for
the Polish public. This year's programme of exhibitions, begun ten
years ago, includes the European avant-garde at the turn of the
nineteenth century and Mendelsohn, Dülfer, Ensor reaching the roots
of Modernism. The rebuilding of Warsaw and the iconography of Lvov
will be presented in the cycle devoted to the preservation of architectural
heritage. The cycle presenting the work of Polish artists living
abroad will feature Andrzej Nowacki.
The basic rule of the Centre's activity - openness
to neighbours - is the objective designed to strengthen cultural
diversity as the basis of European identity.
For more information, please contact: International
Cultural Centre, Rynek Glówny 25, 31-008 Kraków, Poland, tel.: +48-12-4242-800
4242-811; fax: +48-12-421-8571 / 421-7844; e-mail: secret@mck.krakow.pl;
http://www.mck.krakow.pl
11th International Salzburg Summer Academy for
Arts Management
The 11th International Salzburg
Summer Academy for Arts Management will be held in Salzburg,
Austria, from July 22nd to August 3rd, 2002. The two week management
course is addressed to leaders and project managers from any country,
working in the arts, culture or media on national and international
level.
Within the last 10 years the Summer Academy brought
together over 200 young professionals from all over the world. This
year, it intends to invite arts managers from all over Eastern and
Western Europe, Africa, USA, India, Japan and other countries. The
course is organised and held by the International Centre for Culture
and Management (ICCM), Salzburg in cooperation with Fitzcarraldo
Foundation (Turin, Italy), Columbia College Chicago (USA) and Carnegie
Mellon University (Pittsburgh, USA).
For more information, please visit web site or
contact: International Centre for Culture and Management (ICCM),
Gyllenstormstrasse 8, 5026 Salzburg, Austria; tel.: +43 662 45 98
41 - 24; fax: +43 662 45 98 38; e-mail: isac@iccm.at;
http://www.iccm.at
Masters' in Arts Management / Career Development
The Department of Arts Policy and
Management at City University (London) is now welcoming applications
for the next academic year starting October 2002.
The opportunity is that the course allows you to plan
your own pathway of studies because you choose the modules you want
to study; in other words, it gives you the possibility to direct
(or re-direct) your career in whatever direction you want and only
study those subjects you feel you need to know more about.
The course: You are required to complete 4 modules
- 2 compulsory and 2 electives - and a 15,000 word dissertation
where you will be able to explore a topic of your choice.
The compulsory (those you have to do) modules are:
- Arts Management in Practice, and
- Arts Framework
The elective modules (those you choose 2 from) on
offer are:
- Arts Audiences
- Finance and Marketing
- Human Resource Management
- Policy-making in the Arts
- Art, Design and Commerce
- Music Management
- Education in the Arts
- Managing the Visual Arts
- Managing International Cultural Relations
More information and an application form can be downloaded
from web site where you can also find info on other courses: http://www.city.ac.uk/artspolicy
Each year the MA welcomes students from 30 different
nationalities and responds to this diverse constituency by focusing
on the arts and cultural realities not only of the United Kingdom
but also of other countries in Europe and the European Union, Americas
and Asia.
If you do not have access to the web just reply to
this message or e-mail Susan Ignatieff for a brochure and application
form at the following e-address: s.ignatieff@city.ac.uk
For more information, please contact: Department
of Arts Policy and Management, City University, Level 7, Barbican
Centre, London EC2Y 8HB; United Kingdom; http://www.city.ac.uk/artspolicy
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